Apparatus for selectively treating hair



Sept. 6, 1966 COOK ETAL 3,270,753

APPARATUS FOR SELECTIVELY TREATING HAIR Filed March 4, 1965 ATTORNEY United States Patent Ofifice Patented Sept. 6, 1966 3,270.75 APPARATUS FOR SELETIVELY TREATING llAlR Loveda Cook, Warsaw, 1nd., and Victor N. Fariri, 4124 Fairlicld Ave, Fort Wayne, 1nd. Filed Mar. 4, 1963, Set. No. 262,713 8 Claims. ((11. 132

This invention relates to-a protective device used for hair styling and the bleaching and dyeing of strands of hair.

One of the salient objects of the invention is to. provide a head cover which will protect the scalp and other strands of hair from the chemicals used in bleaching or dyeing the hair. at

It is well known in the beauty -ficld trade that the chemicals used in the bleaching, coloring or dyeing of. strands of hair are active solution-id and must not come in contact with the scalp or other strands of hair which are desired not to be bleached or colored. Therefore, one of the objects of this invention is to provide a head cover 'which will prevent the chemical solutions from coming into contact with the scalp and with the strands of hair not to be colored or dyed.

The hair and scalp protectors 'used in the prior art usually have very small openings and it is necessary to pull the strands of hair through the small openings with a device similar to a crochet hook. One of the salient features of. this invention is that the protective head cover can be provided with relatively large openings, or holes,

so that the strands of hair can be rapidly pulled therethrough. l

A further object of this invention is to provide a reinforcing ring or material around the openings in the pro tcctive head covering so that the openings will not be gradually destroyed through the action of drawing strands of hair therethrough- A still further object of this invention is to provide a guard which can be placed around. each grouping of hair so that the opening in the protective cover cap is covered, thus preventing the chemical from coming in contact with the scal or other strands of hair which remain inside the protective cover cap.

In applying the chemical solution to the strands of hair to be tipped or frosted, the chemical will usually bleed through the opening and cause the strands of hair to turn to an orange color or other discoloring at the base of the hair. It is a principal object. of this invention to provide a guard which will seat the hair at the head covering so that there will be no bleed through and thus the discoloring at the base of the hair is eliminated.

Another object of. this invention is to provide a guard for use in the bleaching-and dyeing of strands of hair wherein a drip pocket is featured in the guard member for collecting excess fluids. The excess fluids collected in the drip pocket may he llliii'lCtl by roscbudding the hair which will expedite the bleaching of the hair.

A further obicct of this invention is to provide a guard member. for use in [he bleaching and dyeing of strands of hair, which is provided with an aperture adapted to be opened and closed by a spring constructed from a unitized piece of spring steel, having a clamp and two outwardly disposed levers.

Additional objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent after the description hereafter set forth is considered in conjunction with the drawing annexed hereto.

1n the drawing:

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of the protective head covering;

FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of the protective head covering with trands of hair drawn through the openings in the head covering;

FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of the guard member with strands of hair disposed in the central opening;

FKJURE 4 is a side elevation view of the guard mcniher illustrated in FIGURE 3;

FlGURE 5 is a bottom view of the guard member illustrated in FIGURE 3 with the guard in the closed position;

FIGURE 6 is a bottom view of the guard member illustrated in FIGURE 3 with the guard shown in the open position; and

FtGURE 7 is a' side view of a tool used in the method of practicing applicants invention.

Referring generally to the structure exemplified in the drawing, the reference numeral 11. designates a head covering which is adapted to be placed on the patron's head. as illustrated in FIG. 2. The head covering, or protective cap, is constructed in three sections or panels 13, and 17. The sections or panels are secured together along seams l9 and 2!. by heat scaling of the material.

The sections of the head covering are constructed of I plastic material which is preferably transparent, pliable and tear resistant. Several synthetic sheet materials are suitable for constructing the head covering, such as vinyls,

polyethylene, polystyrene and other synthetic resins.

A reinforcing member 23 is disposed around the edges to add strength and body to the head covering. A piece of elastic ta e 25 is disposed along the back portion ofthe cap to tighten the cap around the backportion of the patron's head, as illustrated in 'FlG. 2. Tie strings 27 and 29 are connected to the reinforcing member 23.

The Covering 11 is provided with a plurality or series of spaced indentations 31- which are formed by placing the covering over a mandrel and positioning electrodes selectively over the cap where indentati0ns are to be formed. When the electrodes are energized the plastic will flow outwardly to form a reinforcing ring or member 33. For example, the'thickncss of. the sections 13, 15 and 17 are approximatcly6 mils, and the indentations in the plastic sections are then approximately 2 mils or less after the electrode has been energized. The reinforcing ring 33, which is formed by the plastic flowing outwardly, is approximately 10 mils in thickness. The indentations are approximately of an inch in diameter and the reinforcing ring 33 is approximately A; of an inch in radial width from the indentation.

Referring now to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6, the reference numeral 35 designates a tipping guard constructed of a suitable resilient material having a center hole 37 extending thercthrough. The slot 39 extends radially, outwardly from the center holeto the edge of the member to provide an aperture which is adapled to open and close by manually actuated mechanical means 41. The member 35 is provided with a round flange 42 having a dished ortconcave surface 43 which is adapted to collcet or accumulate the excess fluid used in bleaching or dyeing (il lllC strands of hair.

The mechanical means 41 cornpirses a spring corrslructed in a single nnitizcd piece of suitable material, and is shaped to form lcvcrs 45 and 47 which terminzrlc in :r circular or :rrcrtalc clamp 4 The clnrnp 4 is bonded or cemented to the resilient member 35 so that by squeezing the levers 45 and 47 the slot 3 which forms the aperture, will opCn and close.

which substantially surrounds the member 35.

Referring now to l-l(iv 7, the reference numeral 53 desi:.u:ilcs It t ol which comprises an elongated member 55 which forms a handle for-the comb 57, having relatively closcspnccd teeth 59. The elongated member is provided with an cnlargcd portion 61 which is adapted to b grasped by the fingers of an operator. A hook 63 which It should be noted that l the clamp 49 is rovided with a circular member 51 is formed in the shape of a crochet hook, is formed on the end of the elongated member 55 for drawing the strands through the opening in head covering and alternately combing said strands of hair.

The method for hair tipping, frosting, feathering or streaking will now be described. Assuming that the patrons hair has been prc-eonditioncd for receiving the beauty treatment, the head covering It is positioned on the patron's head with all of the patrons hair disposed inside of the covering. The covering is secured on the patron's head by means of the tics 27 and 29. The operator then takes the tool 53, utilizing the hook 63 and selectively pierces or snaps out the indentations 31. In this respect-the operator may snap out only one indentation 31, or the operator may snap out as many as 50 indentations, or more, depending on the patrons desire for the number of strands of hair to be tipped or streaked. The operator then draws strands of h ir through the perforations by using the hook 63 so that strands of hair will project through the head covering, as.-.illuslrated in FIG. 2. The tipping guard is now ready to be placed over each strand of hair projecting through the' covering 11. The

levers 45 and 47 are manually squeezed, as illustrated in FIG. 6, to open the slot 39 which opens an aperture to the central opening 37. In this position the strands of hair are brought into the central opening or hole of the guard and the levers are then released so that the aperture is closed, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5. The strands of hair 65 are then combed with the comb 57 to remove any tangles or knots that may be therein. or dyeing is then applied individually to each strand of hair to give it the desired bleaching or color. Any excess chemical applied to the strands of hair 65 will accumulate in the concave or dished surface 43. After all the strands of hair 65 have been treated with the chemical, the tool 53 is then used to rosebud the strands of hair 65 so that they will come in contact with the concave surface 43 containing the excess bleach or dye, thus utilizing the excess chemical in the bleaching or dyeing process. The term rosebudding" in 'the trade, means that the strands of hair are spread in' the shape of a rosebud which is then pressed against the concave surface 43. Then heat is applied by a dryer or other means for a period of 10 to 20 minutes to expedite the bleaching action. After the chemical has remained on the hair a predetermined time, the hair is rinsed and the guards are individually removed. The protective covering is then removed and the hair is set in the conventional manner.

While a particular embodiment of this invention is shown above, it will be understood, of course, that the invention is not to be limited thereto, since many modifica tions may be made, and it is contemplated therefore, by the appended claims, to cover any such modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of this invention.

- We claim:

1. A protective cap for hair styling in the bleaching and dyeing of strands of hair, comprising a pliable transparent material formed in the shape of a head covering having a series of spaced indentations which may be selectively pierced to form perforations through which strands of hair can be pulled therethrough, a reinforcing ring surrounding each indentation so that each perforation is strengthened to resist destruction of the perforation around the circumference thereof and, said indentations being formed so that they can be manually snapped out by an operator over portions of hair as required.

2. A protective cap for hair styling in the bleaching and dyeing of strands of hair, comprising a pliable transparent material formed in the shape of a head covering, having a plurality of spaced indentations which may be sclectivcly pierced to form large perforations through which strands of hair can be pulled thercthrough, said indentations being substantially 3 of an inch in diameter, rc in forcing means surrounding each indentation so that each perforation is strengthened to resist destruction of the perforations around the circumference thereof when the The bleaching strands of hair are pulled therethrou-gh, said indentations being formed so that they can be manually and selectively snapped out by an operator as required.

3.'A protective device used for hair styling in the means for each perforation, said guard means adapted to surround the strands of hair which are pulled through the perforations to seal the strands of hair emerging through said perforations so that fluids cannot penetrate through said covering onto the head of the wearer of the covering, said guard means including finger engageable yieldable means for clamping said guard means in said sealing position with respect to said strands of hair and to effect the aforesaid seal.

4. A protective device used for hair styling in the bleaching and dyeing of strands of hair comprising, in combination, a head covering constructed of a suitable pliable material, of spaced indentations which may be selectively pierced to form perforations through which strands of hair can he pulled therethrough, guard means for each perforation, said guard means adapted to surround the strands of hair which are pulled through the perforations to insure a protective seal around the strands of 'hair to prevent the penetration of fluids, said guard means including finger engageable yieldable means for clamping said guard means in said'sealing position with respect to said strands of hair and to effect the aforesaid seal.

5. A protective deviceuscd for hair styling in the bleaching and dyeing of strands of hair comprising, in combination, a head covering constructed of a suitable pliable material, said head covering having a plurality of spaced indentations which may be selectively pierced to form perforations for the pulling of strands of hair thcrethrough, reinforcing means surrounding each indentation, guard means for each perforation, said guard means adapted to surround the strands of hair which are pulled through the perforations to form a positive seal around the strands of hair to prevent the penetration of fluids, .said guard means including finger engageable yicldable means for clamping said guard means in said sealing position with respect to said strands of hair and to effect the aforesaid seal.

'6. A protective device used for hair styling in the bleaching and dyeing of strands of hair comprising, in

combination, a head covering constructed of a suitable pliable material, said head covering having a plurality of spaced indentations which may be selectively pierced to form perforations for the pulling of strands of hair therethrough, reinforcing means surrounding each indentation, guard means for each perforation, said guard means including a rcsilent member having a center hole thercthrough, said resilient member having a slot extending radially from the hole outwardly to the edge of the member to form an aperture adapted to open and close, a mechanical means including finger engageable yieldable means for opening and closing the aperture so that the strands of hair can be disposed in the center hole.

7. A protective device used for hair styling in the bleaching and dyeing of strands of hair comprising, in combination, a head covering constructed of a suitable pliable material, said head covering having a plurality of spaced indentations which may be selectively pierced to form perforations for the pulling of strands of hair theiethrough, reinforcing means surrounding each indentation, guard means for each perforation, said guard means including a resilient member having an opening thercthrough, said resilient member having a slot extending radially from the opening outwardly to the edge of the member to form an aperture adapted to open and close, said resilient member having a radial flange pro said head covering having a plurality vided with a concave surface for collecting excess bleaching and dyeing fluids, a me-chanical means including finger engageable yieldable means for opening and closing the aperture so that the strands of hair can be disposed in the opening of the resilient member.

8. A protective device used for hair styling in the bleaching and dyeing of strands of 'hair comprising, in combination:

(a) a pliable material formed in the shape of a head covering having a plurality of spaced perforations through which strands of hair can be pulled,

(b) guard means [or each perforation,

(c) said guard means adapted to surround the strands of hair which are pulled through the perforations to insure a positive seal around the strands of hair 15 so that fluids cannot penetrate through said covering onto the head of the wearer of the covering, and

(d) said guard ,means including finger actuated lever means for clamping said guard means in position to surround said strands of hair and to effect the aforesaid seal.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS RICHARD A. GAUDET, Primary Examiner.

L. W. TRAP-P, Assistant Examiner. 

1. A PROTECTIVE CAP FOR HAIR STYLING IN THE BLEACHING AND DYEING OF STRANDS OF HAIR, COMPRISING A PLIABLE TRANSPARENT MATERIAL FORMED IN THE SHAPE OF A HEAD COVERING HAVING A SERIES OF SPACED INDENTATIONS WHICH MAY BE SELECTIVELY PIERCED TO FORM PERFORATIONS THROUGH WHICH STRANDS OF HAIR CAN BE PULLED THERETHROUGH, A REINFORCING RING SURROUNDING EACH INDENTATION SO THAT EACH PERFORATION IS STRENGTHENED TO RESIST DESTRUCTION OF THE PREFORATION AROUND THE CIRCUMFERENCE THEREOF AND, SAID INDENTATIONS BEING FORMED SO THAT THEY CAN BE MANUALLY SNAPPED OUT BY AN OPERATOR OVER PORTIONS OF HAIR AS REQUIRED. 